CROI 2017 Abstract e-Book

Abstract eBook

Poster and Themed Discussion Abstracts

402 MRI REVEALS ENLARGED INTRACRANIAL ARTERIES IN HIV-ASSOCIATED NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER Govind Nair, Angela Summers, Joseph Snow, Daniel S. Reich, Sally Steinbach, Paba M. DeAlwis, Bryan Smith , Avindra Nath NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA Background: Postmortem studies have demonstrated cerebrovascular remodeling in HIV-infected individuals (HIV+). In this study, intracranial arterial caliber was measured in-vivo in HIV+ with and without cognitive impairment, and compared to controls recruited from similar backgrounds. Methods: Using high-resolution T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) sequences and novel analysis methods developed in-house, cross-sectional area of the anterior (A1 segment) and middle (M1 segment) cerebral arteries was studied in 22 HIV- subjects (HIV-), 18 HIV+ with concordant diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HIV+/HAND+), and 43 HIV+ without HAND (HIV+/HAND-). Clinical and demographic variables were also assessed in relation to arterial caliber measurements. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical comparison between groups. Results: HIV+/HAND+ had larger M1 caliber (mean ± SD, 7·9 ± 0·9 mm2) than HIV+/HAND- (7·1 ± 1·0 mm2, p=0·02), and a trend toward larger A1 caliber (5·1 ± 1 mm2) compared to HIV- (4·3 ± 0·7 mm2, p=0·08). Disease duration and current cerebrospinal fluid CD4+ cell count were negatively correlated with A1 caliber (p=0·003 and 0·004, respectively). Figure legend: Group-average plots of vessel caliber fromM1 (a) and A1 (b) segments in control (HIV-), HIV infected individuals without cognitive impairment (HIV+/ HAND-) and HIV infected individuals with cognitive impairment (HIV+/HAND+) show increase in caliber in the HAND group. Furthermore, median A1 caliber showed significant negative correlation with duration of HIV (c) and current CSF CD4 T-cell levels (d). Conclusion: Intracranial arterial caliber was measured in-vivo with high sensitivity using this novel method. We hypothesize that failure to recover from acute HIV-induced loss of compliance or thinning of the arterial wall ultimately leads to cognitive impairment. Longitudinal monitoring of vascular caliber in-vivo, ideally from the time of initial infection, could shed further light into the pathophysiology of HAND.

Poster and Themed Discussion Abstracts

403 WORKING MEMORY IN HIV+ YOUNG ADULTS: FUNCTIONAL IMAGING USING MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY Sharon Nichols 1 , Ashley R. Swan 2 , Annemarie A. Quinto 2 , Chris Fennema-Notestine 2 , Mingxiong Huang 2

CROI 2017 164